TY - JOUR AU - Arbaugh, Ben AU - Cleveland-Innes, Marti AU - Diaz, Sebastian AU - Garrison, Randy AU - Ice, Phil AU - Richardson, Jennifer AU - Shea, Peter AU - Swan, Karen PY - 2008/06/30 Y2 - 2024/03/28 TI - Community of Inquiry Framework: Validation and instrument development JF - The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning JA - IRRODL VL - 9 IS - 2 SE - CIDER Notes DO - 10.19173/irrodl.v9i2.573 UR - https://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/573 SP - AB - ER -