TY - JOUR AU - Zawacki-Richter, Olaf AU - Müskens, Wolfgang AU - Krause, Ulrike AU - Alturki, Uthman AU - Aldraiweesh, Ahmed PY - 2015/04/15 Y2 - 2024/03/28 TI - Student media usage patterns and non-traditional learning in higher education JF - The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning JA - IRRODL VL - 16 IS - 2 SE - Research Articles DO - 10.19173/irrodl.v16i2.1979 UR - https://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/1979 SP - AB - A total of 2,338 students at German universities participated in a survey, which investigated media usage patterns of so-called traditional and non-traditional students (Schuetze &amp; Wolter, 2003). The students provided information on the digital devices that they own or have access to, and on their usage of media and e-learning tools and services for their learning. A distinction was made between external, formal and internal, informal tools and services. <br /><br />Based on the students’ responses, a typology of media usage patterns was established by means of a latent class analysis (LCA). Four types or profiles of media usage patterns were identified. These types were labeled entertainment users, peripheral users, advanced users and instrumental users. Among non-traditional students, the proportion of instrumental users was rather high. Based on the usage patterns of traditional and non-traditional students, implications for media selection in the instructional design process are outlined in the paper. ER -